A podzol profile is distinguished by its "Grayish sand, leached, and ashy" layer (Z) [D].

A latosol profile is distinguished by the word "Red" (W).

A chernozem profile is distinguished by its "Black or dark brown humus-filled loam" layer (X).

A sierozem profile (i.e. desert soil) is distinguished by its "Sand and pebbles" layer (Y).