30. a) Identify the natural vegetation zone associated with this climate region. (1 mark)

Response:

Vegetation Zone

- tundra

b) Vegetation in this biome has adapted to the physical conditions in several ways. Explain the reason for each of the following adaptations. (2 marks)

Response:

Shallow Roots (have one of the following:)

- poor, shallow, water-logged soils, bog soils

- permafrost below surface prevents major root development

- prohibits water uptake in winter

Stunted Growth (have one of the following:)

- limited precipitation

- short growing season

- lack of direct heat rays

- extreme cold which hampers the growth of shrubs or trees, but which certain grasses, mosses and lichens can tolerate

- dormancy during winter